Universal Wound Field Motors
 The universal motor may use AC or DC supply current, however, most are used with AC supplies. Because the maximum output of a universal motor is limited by power line frequencies, they are designed to operate efficiently at very low frequency supplies. The advantage of the universal motor is that AC supplies can be used to produce the same characteristics as a DC motor, including high starting torque and a compact design. Universal motors also typically are less costly than DC motors. They are also well suited for constant-speed applications.
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